Impact of Inclined Magnetic Field and Activation Energy (Part 1)

Impact of Inclined Magnetic Field and Activation Energy on Stagnation Point Flow of Nano-fluid Over a Stretching Surface

Abstract

We will look at the effect of an inclined magnetic field and activation energy on the stagnation point flow of nanofluid across a stretched surface. The physical phenomenon will be governed by twodimensional viscous and incompressible boundary layer equations. These two-dimensional viscous and incompressible fluids will be placed in a cartesian coordinate system by studying the mechanism of nanofluid. While applying appropriate similarity transformations to nonlinear partial differential equations, we will obtain nonlinear ordinary differential equations.

Introduction

Nanofluids are being produced by scattering nanometer solid particles into base fluids. Nanofluids are likely heat transfer fluids which have thermophysical proper- ties and heat transfer phenomena.

The use of high heat transfer measures has sparked a lot of interest in novel heat transfer technologies. Explo- ration on nanofluid is either preparative or logical used by researchers and scientists everywhere in the world. It has wide range of uses in designing and businesses, for example, atomic frame work etc. Crane was the first who introduced the flow due to a stretching surface. Stretching surface has gained a lot of significance in the inspection of a thin layer of a flowing gas or a liquid attached with the surface because of its various requisition in modern and innovative areas. Some of them in- corporate thermal convection, nonstop projection of metals and so forth. Laio discussed the analysis of various solutions of a thin layer of flowing gas or liquid over a stretched surface.

A thin layer of heat transfer and flowing gas above stretched surface has achieved significant importance. That is why the study of nanofluids turns out to be more important for this area of research. Sakiadis’ research discovered that fluids (both Newtonian and non-Newtonian) can flow in thin layers over extending surfaces, both linear and non-linear.

Also read Control of Chaotic Flows and Part 3

The behavior of magnetic and unsteady nanofluid of boundry layers across moving or fixed extending porous surfaces is one of the fundamental and significant issue of this area. Reddy et al examined the MHD heat and mass transfer flow of a nanofluid through a vertical inclined permeable plate, including radiation and heat absorption/generation. Hayat et al performed a numerical modelling of a carbon water nanofluid’s stagnation point, melting radiation, and heat transport effects. Through the stretched sheet effect, Ganga et al investigated the impact of an inclined magnetic field on nanofluid entrophy generation. The goal of this paper is to look at how an inclined magnetic field and activation energy affect nanofluid stagnation point flow across a stretched surface.

Fluid

In mathematical literature, the material which alters continuously by the effect of shear stress is called a fluid. It doesn’t matter what kind of shear stress it is. The shape of the fluid is also changed through the act of shear stress. Gases and liquids are the examples of fluid.

Part 2: Impact of Inclined Magnetic Field and Activation Energy

Fluid Mechanics

Fluid mechanics is the study of fluid action in static or dynamic conditions. It has the following categories:

We divided the study into two branches, each focusing on different fluid properties and the effects of various forces.

Viscosity

Viscosity of fluid is the physical property that resists fluid flow under the action of shear stress. Typically, viscosity of liquids and gases are non-zero.

Shear stress

Shear stress is a stress component where the force acts parallel to the unit surface area.

Normal stress

Normal stress is the component of stress in which the action of force is orthogonal to the unit surface area.

Laminar flow

The fluid particles in a laminar flow travel along a straight line, but the velocity of the particles at one point is not always equal to another line. The flow of a fluid with a high viscosity is essentially laminar.

Part 3: Impact of Inclined Magnetic Field and Activation Energy

Turbulent flow

In a turbulent flow, the route of fluid particles is no longer straight, but rather intertwined.

Un-Steady flow

We can identify time-dependent flows as unsteady flows.

Rotational flow

It is a type of flow where fluid particles have some angular velocity about their axis of rotation, that is

Ir-rotational flow

It is the type of flow where fluid particles have zero angular velocity about their axis of rotation, that is

Compressible flow

Mathematically, we can express it as

Incompressible flow

This type of flow refers to a flow in which the density does not change within the fluid. Mathematically,

Part 3: Impact of Inclined Magnetic Field and Activation Energy

Inviscid fluid

The fluid in which there is no viscosity effect is known as inviscid fluid. In these types of fluids, shear forces are negligible because of vanishing viscosity. It is also called frictionless fluid.

Viscous or Real fluid

Viscous or real fluids are those that exhibit both viscosity and compressibility.

Non-Newtonian Fluid

It is a kind of fluid where shear stress and deformation rate are presented non- linearly. In such type of situations, Newton’s law for viscosity does not holds, where as the power law holds as follow

Part 2: Impact of Inclined Magnetic Field and Activation Energy

Part 3: Impact of Inclined Magnetic Field and Activation Energy

Control of Chaotic Flows and Fluid Forces Part 1

Read Control of Chaotic Flows Part 5

Reflection of Waves in Micropolar Cubic Medium with Voids

Impact of Inclined Magnetic Field and Activation Energy

Impact of Inclined Magnetic Field and Activation Energy